2026-06-30T19:21:49Z https://www.eurjchem.com/index.php/eurjchem/oai

oai:ojs.www.eurjchem.com:article/2736 2026-06-30T06:05:14Z eurjchem:ART driver

Determination of benzene derivatives in geothermal waters of Lake Bogoria hot springs Sunguti, Anzelim Eliwa Kibet, Joshua Kiprotich Kinyanjui, Thomas Karanja Lake Bogoria Alkyl benzenes Bio-accumulative Geothermal springs Hydrothermal system Organic geochemistry Lake Bogoria geothermal springs are a cultural heritage site in Kenya, offering benefits such as tourism, therapeutic use of hot spring water and recreational activities. However, the hot spring water contains dissolved minerals and potentially harmful organic compounds that can pose risks to humans and the environment, including flamingos. The benzene derivatives present in the water may undergo transformation and bioaccumulation, leading to long-term ecological impacts. This study focuses on the determination of benzene derivatives in Lake Bogoria geothermal springs using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Quantitative analysis revealed a total mean concentration of 0.368±0.29 ppm for all identified benzene derivatives. Concentrations were found to be below the recommended limits set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Among the sampling points, SP4 exhibited the highest total mean concentration (0.120±0.08 ppm). 1,2,4,5-Tetramethylbenzene showed the highest relative abundance (19.97%), while 2-ethyl-1,3-dimethylbenzene had the lowest contribution (1.78%). Atlanta Publishing House LLC 2026-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://www.eurjchem.com/index.php/eurjchem/article/view/2736 10.5155/eurjchem.17.2.118-124.2736 European Journal of Chemistry; Vol. 17 No. 2 (2026): June 2026; 118-124 2153-2257 2153-2249 eng https://www.eurjchem.com/index.php/eurjchem/article/view/2736/3032 Copyright (c) 2026 Anzelim Eliwa Sunguti, Joshua Kiprotich Kibet, Thomas Karanja Kinyanjui https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0