European Journal of Chemistry

Physicochemical, functional and antinutritional properties of starches from Caladium bicolor and Dioscorea dumentorum

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Published: Sep 30, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.10.3.228-233.1833
Keywords:
Starch, Caladium bicolor, Functional property, Antinutrient content, Dioscorea dumentorum, Physico-chemical property
Section
Research Article
Issue
Vol. 10 No. 3 (2019): September 2019
Dates
Received 2019-02-19
Accepted 2019-05-30
Published 2019-09-30
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Main Article Content

Ifiok Nseobong Uwem
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Nigeria
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-1034
Basil Nse Ita
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Nigeria
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3965-3493

Abstract

Starch samples from the wild species of cocoyam (Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.) and three leaf yam (Dioscorea dumentorum (Kunth) Pax.) found abundantly in the south and eastern regions of Nigeria, were characterized for their physicochemical, functional and antinutrient properties. C. bicolor had higher amylose (17.68%), carbohydrate (83.57%) and ash (2.85%) than D. dumentorum. Moisture, crude lipid, protein and fibre ranged between 7.56 to 10.29%, 0.12 to 0.15%, 0.11 to 0.13%, and 2.85 to 3.39%, respectively. The starches exhibited promising functional properties with D. dumentorum having higher dispersibility (64.85%), solubility (73.99%) and oil absorption capacity (2.15 g/g). Onset (To), midpoint (Tm), and conclusion (Tc) gelatinization temperatures ranged between 63 to 79 °C. Peak, breakdown and setback viscosity were higher in D. dumentorum than C. bicolor. Moisture sorption behavior indicated increased hygroscopy with exposure time. The starches had high antinutrient levels, with D. dumentorum having higher levels of HCN and oxalates. In addition, infrared (IR) spectra of both starches were similar. Taken together, these properties suggest the suitability of these starches for non-food applications due to their high antinutrient contents.


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Uwem, I. N.; Ita, B. N. Physicochemical, Functional and Antinutritional Properties of Starches from Caladium Bicolor and Dioscorea Dumentorum. Eur. J. Chem. 2019, 10, 228-233.

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Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
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