Spectroscopic study of solvent effects on the electronic absorption spectra of morpholine and its complexes

Mamdouh Saad Masoud; Alaa Eldin Ali; Gehan Shaaban Elasala; Rehab Elsaid Elwardany

doi:10.5155/eurjchem.14.1.53-64.2365

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Published: Mar 31, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.14.1.53-64.2365

Keywords:

UV spectra, Absorption, Dipole moment, Solvent polarity, Solvatochromic, Morpholine complexes

Section

Research Article

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): March 2023

Dates

Received 2022-11-25
Accepted 2023-01-14
Published 2023-03-31

Mamdouh Saad Masoud

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, 21515, Egypt

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-6234

Alaa Eldin Ali

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Damanhour, Damanhour, 22511,

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-8919

Gehan Shaaban Elasala

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Damanhour, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3032-5992

Rehab Elsaid Elwardany

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Damanhour, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-146X

Abstract

The electronic absorption spectra of morpholine and its five morpholine complexes have been studied in different solvents of various polarities. The regression and correlation coefficients have been calculated with the SPSS program. Solvation energy relationships were deduced from spectral shifts and correlated with solvent parameters α (solvent hydrogen bond donor acidity), β (solvent hydrogen bond acceptor basicity), and π* (dipolarity/polarizability). The percentage contributions of the calculated solvatochromic parameters show that classic solvation effects play a major role in explaining the spectral shifts in all investigated complexes. The blue shift of [Fe(MOR)₃Cl₃]·4H₂O, [Ni(MOR)₄Cl₂]·4H₂O, and [Cu(MOR)₄Cl₂]·6H₂O complexes is due to the formation of hydrogen bonds, which suggests the stabilization of the ground electronic state compared with the excited state. [CuNi(MOR)₂Cl₄]·4H₂O and [CuZn(MOR)₃Cl₄]·2H₂O are mixed metal complexes that suffer a red shift due to the solute-solvent interactions, which causes stabilization of the excited solute state with increasing solvent polarity. The bands are affected by specific solute-solvent interactions including hydrogen bond donor ability (acidity) and hydrogen bond acceptor ability (basicity) and nonspecific solute-solvent interactions including electromagnetic interaction between the dipole moments of solute and polar solvents.

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Masoud, M. S.; Ali, A. E.; Elasala, G. S.; Elwardany, R. E. Spectroscopic Study of Solvent Effects on the Electronic Absorption Spectra of Morpholine and Its Complexes. Eur. J. Chem. 2023, 14, 53-64.

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