European Journal of Chemistry 2018, 9(4), 369-374 | doi: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.369-374.1785 | Get rights and content

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Synthesis and biological evaluation of triphenyl-imidazoles as a new class of antimicrobial agents


Anupam Anupam (1) orcid , Mohammed Al-Bratty (2) orcid , Hassan Ahmad Alhazmi (3) orcid , Shamim Ahmad (4) orcid , Supriya Maity (5) orcid , Md Shamsher Alam (6,*) orcid , Waquar Ahsan (7) orcid

(1) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Translam Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Mawana Road, Meerut 250001, Uttar Pradesh, India
(2) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(3) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(4) Department of Pharmacognosy, Translam Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Mawana Road, Meerut 250001, Uttar Pradesh, India
(5) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Translam Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Mawana Road, Meerut 250001, Uttar Pradesh, India
(6) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(7) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(*) Corresponding Author

Received: 02 Sep 2018 | Revised: 13 Oct 2018 | Accepted: 15 Oct 2018 | Published: 31 Dec 2018 | Issue Date: December 2018

Abstract


Newer triphenyl-imidazole derivatives (4a-h) were synthesized in good yields by the reaction of benzil and substituted benzaldehydes in equimolar quantities and refluxing the product with acetyl chloride thereafter. Structures were confirmed by using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion technique against Gram positive (Staphhylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aureginosa) as well as Fungal strain (Candida albicans). Interestingly compounds 4a, 4b, 4f and 4h showed significant antibacterial activity, whereas compound 4b was found to have remarkable activity against the fungal strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of most active compounds were determined by broth dilution method and compound 4b emerged to have potent activities against most of the strains having MIC in the range of 25-200 µg/mL. To check the possible toxicities of the most active compounds, they were orally administered in rats and the concentration of liver enzymes serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) were determined. Compound 4h showed significant increase in the enzymes level depicting the hepatotoxicity. The structure-activity relationship studies showed the importance of electron withdrawing groups at the distant phenyl ring at ortho and para positions as the compounds having chloro or nitro at these positions tend to be more active than the compounds with electron releasing groups such as methoxy. These compounds may act as lead compounds for further studies and appropriate modification in their structure may lead to agents having high efficacy with lesser toxicity.


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Keywords


Synthesis; Imidazole; Hepatic toxicity; Antifungal activity; Enzyme estimation; Antimicrobial activity

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DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.369-374.1785

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Funding information


College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia and TIPER, Meerut, U.P. India

Citations

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[2]. Samra Farooq, Ihsan-Ul Haq, Naseem Ullah
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How to cite


Anupam, A.; Al-Bratty, M.; Alhazmi, H.; Ahmad, S.; Maity, S.; Alam, M.; Ahsan, W. Eur. J. Chem. 2018, 9(4), 369-374. doi:10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.369-374.1785
Anupam, A.; Al-Bratty, M.; Alhazmi, H.; Ahmad, S.; Maity, S.; Alam, M.; Ahsan, W. Synthesis and biological evaluation of triphenyl-imidazoles as a new class of antimicrobial agents. Eur. J. Chem. 2018, 9(4), 369-374. doi:10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.369-374.1785
Anupam, A., Al-Bratty, M., Alhazmi, H., Ahmad, S., Maity, S., Alam, M., & Ahsan, W. (2018). Synthesis and biological evaluation of triphenyl-imidazoles as a new class of antimicrobial agents. European Journal of Chemistry, 9(4), 369-374. doi:10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.369-374.1785
Anupam, Anupam, Mohammed Al-Bratty, Hassan Ahmad Alhazmi, Shamim Ahmad, Supriya Maity, Md Shamsher Alam, & Waquar Ahsan. "Synthesis and biological evaluation of triphenyl-imidazoles as a new class of antimicrobial agents." European Journal of Chemistry [Online], 9.4 (2018): 369-374. Web. 30 May. 2023
Anupam, Anupam, Al-Bratty, Mohammed, Alhazmi, Hassan, Ahmad, Shamim, Maity, Supriya, Alam, Md, AND Ahsan, Waquar. "Synthesis and biological evaluation of triphenyl-imidazoles as a new class of antimicrobial agents" European Journal of Chemistry [Online], Volume 9 Number 4 (31 December 2018)

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