

Proximate compositions, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities and phenolic contents of seed and leaves extracts of Egyptian leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. kurrat)
Fouad Abd El-Rehem Ahmed Abd El-Rehem (1)


(1) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
(2) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
(*) Corresponding Author
Received: 24 Nov 2012 | Revised: 24 Mar 2013 | Accepted: 25 Mar 2013 | Published: 30 Sep 2013 | Issue Date: September 2013
Abstract
Leeks (Allium ampeloprasum var. kurrat.) are the most commercially produced vegetables in the world. The seed and leaves of this plant were analyzed for proximate composition and mineral content. Phytochemical screening, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, tannins, radical scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant activities and phenolic profile of various extracts of Egyptian leek were screened and investigated. The seed is good source of fat and protein, whereas the leaves are good source of crude fiber and ash. Both seed and leaves contain substantial quantities of potassium, calcium, and phosphorus. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts of seeds and leaves were found to contain alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponines, reducing sugars, proteins and oil. The highest values of total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, radical scavenging and antioxidant activities were observed for methanolic and ethanolic extracts of seed and leaves. HPLC analysis results showed that certain phenolic compounds; gallic, coumaric, caffeic, tannic, vanillic, chlorogenic, kaempferol, and quercetin exist in methanolic extracts of both seed and leaves at different levels. These results suggested that Allium ampeloprasum phenolic compounds could be used as a natural antioxidant.

Announcements
One of our sponsors will cover the article processing fee for all submissions made between May 17, 2023 and June 16, 2023 (Voucher code: SPONSOR2023).
Editor-in-Chief
European Journal of Chemistry
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF

DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.4.3.185-190.711
Links for Article
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | |
Related Articles
Article Metrics


Citations
[1]. Ahmed Souadia, Nadhir Gourine, Mohamed Yousfi
Variability in phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Saccocalyx satureioides essential oils due to harvest period
Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants 26(4), 435, 2020
DOI: 10.1080/10496475.2020.1749208

[2]. Ahmed M. Metwaly, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Ibrahim.H. Eissa, Islam A. Elsehemy, Ahmad E. Mostafa, Mostafa M. Hegazy, Wael M. Afifi, Deqiang Dou
Traditional ancient Egyptian medicine: A review
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28(10), 5823, 2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.044

[3]. Mahmoud M. Abo Ghanima, Nesreen Aljahdali, Dalia A. Abuljadayel, Manal E. Shafi, Alaa Qadhi, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Laila A. Mohamed
Effects of dietary supplementation of Amla, Chicory and Leek extracts on growth performance, immunity and blood biochemical parameters of broilers
Italian Journal of Animal Science 22(1), 24, 2023
DOI: 10.1080/1828051X.2022.2156932

[4]. Ashraful Alam, Abdullah Al Arif Jahan, Md. Sazzadul Bari, Labony Khandokar, Md. Hasan Mahmud, Muhammed Junaid, Mohammed Salahuddin Chowdhury, Mohammad Forhad Khan, Veronique Seidel, Md. Areeful Haque
Allium vegetables: Traditional uses, phytoconstituents, and beneficial effects in inflammation and cancer
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition , 1, 2022
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2036094

[5]. Yahya Asemani, Nasrindokht Zamani, Maryam Bayat, Zahra Amirghofran
Allium vegetables for possible future of cancer treatment
Phytotherapy Research 33(12), 3019, 2019
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6490

[6]. Enrico Doria
Extraction and Evaluation of Nutraceutical Molecules in Wastes of Fruit and Vegetables
International Journal of Food and Nutritional Science 4(2), 74, 2017
DOI: 10.15436/2377-0619.17.1539

[7]. V. Uma Maheshwari Nallal, R. Padmini, B. Ravindran, Soon Woong Chang, R. Radhakrishnan, Hesham Saleh M. Almoallim, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, M. Razia
Combined in vitro and in silico approach to evaluate the inhibitory potential of an underutilized allium vegetable and its pharmacologically active compounds on multidrug resistant Candida species
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28(2), 1246, 2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.082

[8]. La Ode Kadidae, Akira Usami, Tomoya Koyama, Mitsunori Honda, Ko-Ki Kunimoto
New route for synthesis of 3- and 5-caffeoylquinic acids via protected quinic acids
European Journal of Chemistry 6(4), 367, 2015
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.6.4.367-373.1298

[9]. Hanan S. Al-khalaifah, Mohamed E. Badawi, Reda M. Abd El-Aziz, Mohamed A. Ali, Anaam E. Omar
Effect of Egyptian Leek Leaf Extract Supplementation on Productive and Economic Performance of Broilers
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 7, , 2020
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.584921

[10]. Mamadou Balde, Said Ennahar, Stephanie Dal, Severine Sigrist, Alassane Wele, Eric Marchioni, Diane Julien-David
Influence of the physicochemical parameters of solvents in the extraction of bioactive compounds from Parinari macrophylla Sabine (Chrysobalanaceae)
European Journal of Chemistry 9(3), 161, 2018
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.9.3.161-167.1723

[11]. Eman S.A. Farahat, Ashraf G. Mohamed, Mohamed M. El-Loly, Walid A.M.S. Gafour
Innovative vegetables-processed cheese: I. Physicochemical, rheological and sensory characteristics
Food Bioscience 42, 101128, 2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101128

[12]. Amadou Diop, Serigne Omar Sarr, Awa Boubou Sall, Ousmane Niass, Bara Ndiaye, Yerim Mbagnick Diop
Nutritional and antioxidant potential of seeds from two Cucurbitaceae species from Senegal
European Journal of Chemistry 11(4), 364, 2020
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.11.4.364-369.2046

[13]. Alaa M. Abu-Odeh, Wamidh H. Talib
Middle East Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diabetes: A Review
Molecules 26(3), 742, 2021
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030742

[14]. Mohammad M. N. Authman, Wafaa T. Abbas, Hossam H. Abbas, Amany M. Kenawy, Taghreed B. Ibrahim, Osman K. Abd El‐Hady
Ameliorative effect of the dietary Egyptian leek ( Allium ampeloprasum L. var. kurrat ) on zinc toxicity of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Aquaculture Research 52(11), 5656, 2021
DOI: 10.1111/are.15440

[15]. Heiplanmi Rymbai, Veerendra Kumar Verma, Hammylliende Talang, S. Ruth Assumi, M. Bilashini Devi, Vanlalruati, Rumki Heloise CH. Sangma, Kamni Paia Biam, L. Joymati Chanu, Badapmain Makdoh, A. Ratankumar Singh, Joiedevivreson Mawleiñ, Samarendra Hazarika, Vinay Kumar Mishra
Biochemical and antioxidant activity of wild edible fruits of the eastern Himalaya, India
Frontiers in Nutrition 10, , 2023
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1039965

[16]. Mostafa H. Baky, Samir N. Shamma, Mohamed R. Khalifa, Mohamed A. Farag
How Does Allium Leafy Parts Metabolome Differ in Context to Edible or Inedible Taxa? Case Study in Seven Allium Species as Analyzed Using MS-Based Metabolomics
Metabolites 13(1), 18, 2022
DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010018

[17]. Jaesik Yang, Yosep Ji, Hyunjoon Park, Jieun Lee, Soyoung Park, Soyoung Yeo, Hyunkil Shin, Wilhelm H. Holzapfel
Selection of functional lactic acid bacteria as starter cultures for the fermentation of Korean leek (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel.)
International Journal of Food Microbiology 191, 164, 2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.09.016

References
[1]. Velioglu, Y. S.; Mazza, G.; Gao, L.; Oomah, B. D. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1998, 46(10), 4113-4117.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9801973
[2]. Prior, R. L.; Cao, G. Hort. Sci. 2000, 35(49), 588-592.
[3]. Robinson, D. S. Food Biochemistry and Nutritional Value. Longman Scientific and Technical Publisher, New York, USA 1990.
[4]. Sasaki, Y.; Kawaguchi, S.; Kamaya, A.; Ohshita, M.; Kabasawa, K.; Iwama, K.; Taniguchi, K.; Tsuda, S. Mutat. Res. Gen. Tox. En. 2002, 519, 103-119.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(02)00128-6
[5]. Chang, S. B.; Yang, T. J.; Datema, E.; Van Vugt, J.; Vosman, B.; Kuipers, A.; Meznikova, M.; Szinay, D.; Klein, R.; Lankhorst, E.; Jacobsen, H.; de Jong. Chromosome Res. 2008, 16, 919-933.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10577-008-1249-z
PMid:18688733
[6]. Antolovich, M.; Prenzler, P.; Robards, K.; Ryan, D. Analyst 2000, 125, 989-1009.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b000080i
[7]. Sultana, B.; Anwar, F.; Ashraf, M. Molecules, 2009, 14(6), 2167-2180
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules14062167
PMid:19553890
[8]. Peschel, W.; Sanchez-Rabaneda, F.; Dn, W.; Plescher, A.; Gartzia, I.; Jimenez, D.; Lamuela- Raventos, R.; Buxaderas, S.; Condina, C. Food Chem. 2006, 97(1), 137-150.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.03.033
[9]. Fujita, Y. T.; Tanaka, M.; Kuwata, K.; Okuzumi, J.; Takahashi, T.; Fujiki, H.; Okuda, T. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 1989, 80, 503-505.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.1989.tb01666.x
PMid:2503469
[10]. Malairajan, P.; Geetha, G.; Narasimhan, S.; Jessi, K. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2006, 106(3), 425-428.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.015
PMid:16647234
[11]. Lanzotti, V. J. Chro¬matogr. A, 2006, 1112(1-2), 3-22.
[12]. Hsing, A. W.; Chokkalingam, A. P.; Gao, Y. T.; Madigan, M. P.; Deng, J.; Gridley, G.; Fraumeni, J. F. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2002, 94, 1648-1651.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/94.21.1648
[13]. Galeone, C.; Pelucchi, C.; Levi, F.; Negri, E.; Fraceschi, S.; Talamini, R.; Giacosa, A.; La Vecchia, C. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006, 84, 1027-1032.
PMid:17093154
[14]. Yin, M. C.; Tsao, S. M. Int. J. Food Microbi. 1999, 49(1-2), 49-56.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00061-6
[15]. Fattorusso, E.; Lanzotti, V.; Taglialatela-Scafati, O.; Cicala, C. Phytochemistry 2001, 57(4), 565-569.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00039-5
[16]. Jones, H. A.; Mann, L. K. London, Leonard Hill, 1963.
[17]. Yamaguchi, M. World vegetables, AVI Book, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1983.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7907-2
[18]. Kadry, A. R.; Kamel, S. A. Sven. Bot. Tidskr. 1955, 49, 314-324.
[19]. Currah, L. J. Hortic. Soc. 1986, 61, 407-415.
[21]. Trease, G. E.; Evans, I. C. 12th Edn. Bailliere Tindall, London, 1983, pp. 21-22.
[22]. Ayaprakasha, G.; Selvi, T.; Sakariah, K. Food Res. Int. 2003, 36(2), 117-122.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(02)00116-3
[23]. Meda, A.; Lamien, C. E.; Romito, M.; Millogo, J.; Nacoulma, O. G. Food Chem. 2005, 91(3), 571-577.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.10.006
[24]. Polshettiwar, S. A.; Ganjiwale, R. O.; Wadher, S. J.; Yeole, P. G. Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 2007, 69(4), 574-576.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.36949
[25]. Wu, J. W.; Hsieh, C. L.; Wang, H.; Chen, H. Y. Food Chem. 2009, 113(1), 78-84.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.025
[26]. Juntachote, T.; Berghofer, E. Food Chem. 2005, 92(2), 193-202.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.04.044
[27]. Xu, B. J.; Chang, S. K. C. J. Food Sci. 2007, 72, S159-S166.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00260.x
PMid:17995858
[28]. Athar, N.; Taylor, G.; McLaughlin, J.; Skinner, J. Food files 2004. In, New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited and New Zealand Ministry of Health 2004.
[29]. Latif, S. S.; Abd El-Aal, H. A. African Crop Sci. Conf. Proceed. 2007, 8, 1817-1826.
[30]. Ruhland, W. The metabolism of secondary products, Springer-Verlay, Berlin, 1958.
[31]. Sultana, B.; Anwar, F.; Przybylski, R. Food Chem. 2007, 104(3), 1106-1114.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.01.019
[32]. Galvez, M.; Martin-Cordero, C.; Houghton, P. J.; Ayuso, M. J. J. Agr. Food Chem. 2005, 53, 1927-1933.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf048076s
PMid:15769115
[33]. Jaakola, L.; Maatta-Riihinen, K.; Karenlampi, S.; Hohtola, A. Planta 2004, 218(3), 721-728.
PMid:14666422
[34]. Fuchs, J.; Weber, S.; Podda, M.; Groth, N.; Herrling, T.; Packer, L.; Kaufmann, R. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2003, 34, 330-336.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01293-5
[35]. Yokozawa, T.; Chen, C. P.; Dong, E.; Tanaka, T.; Nonaka, G. I.; Nishioka, I. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1998, 56(2), 213-222.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(98)00128-2
[36]. Baardseth, P.; Bjerke, F.; Martinsen, B. K.; Skrede, G. J. Sci. Food Agric. 2010, 90(7), 1245-1255.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3967
PMid:20394008
[37]. Schwarz, K.; Huang, S. W.; German, J. B.; Tiersch, B.; Hartmann, J.; Frankel, E. N. J. Agr. Food Chem. 2000, 48, 4874-4882.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf991289a
[38]. Zucker, M.; Nitsch, C.; Nitsch, J. P. Am. J. Bot. 1965, 52(3), 271-277.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2439939
[39]. Iacopini, P.; Bald, M.; Storchi, P.; Sebastiani, L. J. Food Compos. Anal. 2008, 21(8), 589-598.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2008.03.011
How to cite
The other citation formats (EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | BibTeX | RefWorks) for this article can be found online at: How to cite item
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.4.3.185-190.711

















European Journal of Chemistry 2013, 4(3), 185-190 | doi: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.4.3.185-190.711 | Get rights and content
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c)
© Copyright 2010 - 2023 • Atlanta Publishing House LLC • All Right Reserved.
The opinions expressed in all articles published in European Journal of Chemistry are those of the specific author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Atlanta Publishing House LLC, or European Journal of Chemistry, or any of its employees.
Copyright 2010-2023 Atlanta Publishing House LLC. All rights reserved. This site is owned and operated by Atlanta Publishing House LLC whose registered office is 2850 Smith Ridge Trce Peachtree Cor GA 30071-2636, USA. Registered in USA.