Email this article 
Hide
Show all
OPEN ACCESS | 
PEER-REVIEWED |
RESEARCH ARTICLE
|
DOWNLOAD PDF
|
VIEW FULL-TEXT PDF
| TOTAL VIEWS
Nickel(II) complexes of novel thiosemicarbazone compounds: Synthesis, characterization, molecular modeling and in vitro antimicrobial activity
Mutlaq Shedeed Aljahdali (1,*)
(1) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(*) Corresponding Author
Received: 30 May 2013 | Accepted: 03 Jul 2013 | Published: 31 Dec 2013 | Issue Date: December 2013
Abstract
A series of novel thiosemicarbazone compounds, HL1, 2-(1-(2-phenyl-hydrazono)-propan-2-ylidene)hydrazine-carbothioamide (TPHP), HL2, N-methyl-2-(1-(2-phenyl-hydrazono)-propan-2-ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (MTPHP) and, HL3, N-phenyl-2-(1-(2-phenyl-hydrazono)-propan-2-ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (PTPHP) and their Ni(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductance and spectral measurements. IR spectra indicate that the free ligands exist in the thione form rather than thiol form in the solid state. In all the studied complexes, all ligands behave as a tridenate anion with coordination involving the two azomethine nitrogens and the thiolate sulfur after deprotonation. The magnetic and spectral data indicates a square planar geometry for Ni(II) complexes. The structures of the free thiosemicarbazone ligands and their Ni(II) complexes have been modelled using parameterized PM3 semiempirical method. The free ligands and their Ni(II) chelates have been screened for their antimicrobial activities.
Announcements
One of our sponsors will cover the article processing fee for all submissions made between May 17, 2023 and May 31, 2023 (Voucher code: SPONSOR2023).
Editor-in-Chief
European Journal of Chemistry
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.4.4.434-443.838
Links for Article
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | | |
Related Articles
Article Metrics
This Abstract was viewed 1592 times |
PDF Article downloaded 651 times
Citations
[1]. Abeer Taha Abedel Karim, Ahmed Abdou El-Sherif
Physicochemical studies and biological activity of mixed ligand complexes involving bivalent transition metals with a novel Schiff base and glycine as a representative amino acid
European Journal of Chemistry 5(2), 328, 2014
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.5.2.328-333.1025
[2]. Eshraga Eltayeb Mohamed, Abeer Taha AbedelKarim, Yahia Hassan Elmalik, Amna Elamin Mohamed, Mutlaq Sheeded Aljahdali
Characterization and biological activity studies on some transition metal complexes of thiosemicarbazide derived from 2-picolinic acid hydrazide
European Journal of Chemistry 5(2), 252, 2014
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.5.2.252-259.990
[3]. Mutlaq S. Aljahdali, Ahmed A. El-Sherif, Patrick Bednarski
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Zn(II) and Cd(II) Schiff Base Complexes as Antimicrobial, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Agents
Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2020, 1, 2020
DOI: 10.1155/2020/8866382
[4]. Utpal Saha, Debajit Dutta, Hiren Nath, Antonio Franconetti, Antonio Frontera, Manjit K. Bhattacharyya
Supramolecular association in Cu(II) coordination complexes involving energetically significant NO⋯NO π–hole interaction and cooperative π-stacked ternary assembly: Experimental and theoretical studies
Inorganica Chimica Acta 488, 159, 2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.01.015
[5]. Debajit Dutta, Sanjib Chetry, Anshuman Gogoi, Bula Choudhury, Ankur K. Guha, Manjit K. Bhattacharyya
Supramolecular association involving anion–π interactions in Cu(II) coordination solids: Experimental and theoretical studies
Polyhedron 151, 381, 2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.05.039
[6]. Utpal Saha, Debajit Dutta, Antonio Bauzá, Antonio Frontera, Bipul Sarma, Manjit K. Bhattacharyya
Werner type clathrates involving guest benzoic acid and benzoate in discrete Mn(II) hosts: Experimental and theoretical studies
Polyhedron 159, 387, 2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.11.068
[7]. Manjit K. Bhattacharyya, Utpal Saha, Debajit Dutta, Antonio Frontera, Akalesh K. Verma, Pranay Sharma, Amal Das
Unconventional DNA-relevant π-stacked hydrogen bonded arrays involving supramolecular guest benzoate dimers and cooperative anion–π/π–π/π–anion contacts in coordination compounds of Co(ii) and Zn(ii) phenanthroline: experimental and theoretical studies
New Journal of Chemistry 44(11), 4504, 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9NJ05727G
[8]. Manjit K. Bhattacharyya, Anshuman Gogoi, Sanjib Chetry, Debajit Dutta, Akalesh K. Verma, Bipul Sarma, Antonio Franconetti, Antonio Frontera
Antiproliferative evaluation and supramolecular association in Mn(II) and Zn(II) bipyridine complexes: Combined experimental and theoretical studies
Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 200, 110803, 2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110803
[9]. Mutlaq Shedeed Aljahdali, Yahia Hassan Elmalik, Gaber Mohamed Abu El-Reash
Synthesis of some transition metal complexes of novel 1-methylpyrazole-3-aldehyde-4-(2-pyridyl) thiosemicarbazone: Spectroscopic and in vitro biological activity studies
European Journal of Chemistry 5(2), 201, 2014
DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.5.2.201-208.952
[10]. Debajit Dutta, Hiren Nath, Antonio Frontera, Manjit K. Bhattacharyya
A novel oxalato bridged supramolecular ternary complex of Cu(II) involving energetically significant π-hole interaction: Experimental and theoretical studies
Inorganica Chimica Acta 487, 354, 2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.12.037
[11]. Sajjad Rakhshani, Ali Reza Rezvani, Michal Dušek, Václav Eigner
Design and fabrication of novel thiourea coordination compounds as potent inhibitors of bacterial growth
The Journal of Antibiotics 72(5), 260, 2019
DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0147-2
[12]. Manjit K. Bhattacharyya, Utpal Saha, Debajit Dutta, Amal Das, Akalesh K. Verma, Antonio Frontera
Solvent-driven structural topology involving energetically significant intra- and intermolecular chelate ring contacts and anticancer activities of Cu(ii) phenanthroline complexes involving benzoates: experimental and theoretical studies
RSC Advances 9(29), 16339, 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9RA01181A
[13]. Ewelina Namiecińska, Marta Sobiesiak, Magdalena Małecka, Piotr Guga, Barbara Rozalska, Elzbieta Budzisz
Antimicrobial and Structural Properties of Metal Ions Complexes with Thiosemicarbazide Motif and Related Heterocyclic Compounds
Current Medicinal Chemistry 26(4), 664, 2019
DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180228164656
[14]. Kritika Bajaj, Robert M. Buchanan, Craig A. Grapperhaus
Antifungal activity of thiosemicarbazones, bis(thiosemicarbazones), and their metal complexes
Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 225, 111620, 2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111620
References
[1]. Berber, I.; Cokmus, C.; Atalan, E. Mikrobiologia 2003, 72, 54-55.
[2]. Harbottle, H.; Thakur, S.; Zhao, White, D. G. Anim. Biotechol. 2006, 17, 111-124.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10495390600957092
PMid:17127523
[3]. Berger, S. Horm. Metab. Res. 1985, 17, 111-115.
[4]. Lakshmi, B.; Avaji, P. G.; Shivananda, K. N.; Nagella, P.; Manohar, S. H.; Mahendra, K. N. Polyhedron 2011, 30, 1507-1515.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2011.03.016
[5]. Chan, J.; Huang, Y.; Liu, G.; Afrasiabi, Z.; Sinn, E.; Padhye, S.; Ma, Y. Toxicol. Appl. Pharm. 2004, 197, 40-48.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.02.004
PMid:15126073
[6]. Duffy, K. J.; Shaw, A. N.; Delorme, E.; Dillon, S. B.; Erickson-Miller, C.; Giampa, L.; Huang, Y.; Keenan, R. M.; Lamb, P.; Liu, N.; Miller, S. G.; Price, A. T.; Rosen, J.; Smith, H.; Wiggall, K. J.; Zhang, L.; Luengo, J. I. J. Med. Chem. 2002, 45, 3573-3575.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm025535c
[7]. Du, X.; Guo, C.; Hansel, E.; Doyle, P. S.; Caffrey, C. R.; Holler, T. P.; McKerrow, J. H.; Cohen, F. E. J. Med. Chem. 2002, 45, 2695-2707.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm010459j
[8]. Kovala-Demertzi, D.; Demertzis, M. A.; Filiou, E.; Pantazaki, A. A.; Yadav, P. N.; Miller, J. R.; Zheng, Y.; Kyriakidis, D. A. Biometals 2003, 16, 411-419.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022543718598
[9]. Scovill, J. P.; Klayman, D. L.; Franchino, D. G. J. Med. Chem. 1982, 25, 1261-1264.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00352a036
[10]. Klayman, L.; Scovill, J. P.; Bartosevich, J. F.; Bruce, J. J. Med. Chem. 1983, 26, 35-39.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00355a008
[11]. Demertzi, D. K.; Demertzis, M. A.; Miller, J. R.; Papadopoulou, C.; Dodorou, C.; Filousis, G. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2001, 86, 555-563.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0162-0134(01)00224-0
[12]. Singh, P. K.; Kumar, D. N. Spectrochim. Acta A 2006, 64, 853-858.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2005.08.014
PMid:16529995
[13]. Sha, J. J.; Zhang, M. H.; Jiang, Y. J. The handbook of new breed pesticide of overseas, Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 1993.
[14]. Sondhi, S. M.; Dinodia, M.; Kumar, A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2006, 14, 4657-4663.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2006.02.014
PMid:16504522
[15]. El-Sherif, A. A. Inorg. Chim. Acta 2009, 362, 4991-5000.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2009.08.004
[16]. Booth, B. A.; Moore, E. C.; Sartorelli, A. C. Cancer Res. 1971, 31, 228-234.
PMid:5547210
[17]. Labisbal, E.; Haslow, K. D.; Sousa-Pedrares, A.; Valdes-Martinez, J.; Hernandez-Ortega, S.; West, D. X. Polyhedron 2003, 22, 2831-2837.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-5387(03)00405-4
[18]. John, R. P.; Sreekanth, A.; Rajakannan, V.; Ajith, T. A.; Kurup, M. R. P. Polyhedron 2004, 23, 2549-2559.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2004.09.004
[19]. Belicchi-Ferrari, M.; Bisceglie, F.; Casoli, C.; Durot, S.; Morgenstern-Badarau, I.; Pelosi, G.; Pilotti, E.; Pinelli, S.; Tarasconi, P. J. Med. Chem. 2005, 5, 1671-1675.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm049529n
PMid:15743209
[20]. Lobana, T. S.; Rekha, R.; Butcher, R. J.; Castineiras, A.; Bermejo, E.; Bharatam, P. V. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 1535-1542.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic051018j
PMid:16471964
[21]. Joseph, M.; Kuriakose, M.; Kurup, M. R. P.; Suresh, E.; Kishore, A.; Bhat, S. G. Polyhedron 2006, 25, 61-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2005.07.006
[22]. Prathimaa, B.; Raoa, Y. S.; Reddy, S. A.; Reddy, Y. P.; Reddy, A. V. J. Spectrochim. Acta A 2010, 77, 248-252.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.05.016
PMid:20538508
[23]. Zheng, Y.; Yi, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, W.; Du, M. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2006, 16, 4127-4129.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.04.077
PMid:16735119
[24]. Rabjohn, N. Organic Synthesis, Collective Volume 4, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1963.
[25]. HyperChem version 7. 5 Hypercube, Inc., 2003.
[26]. Bauer, A. W.; Kirby, W. M.; Sherris, C.; Turck, M. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 1966, 45, 493-496.
PMid:5325707
[27]. Pfaller, M. A.; Burmeister, L.; Bartlett, M. A.; Rinaldi, M. G. J. Clin. Microbiol. 1988, 26, 1437-1441.
[28]. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically. Approved standard M7-A3, Villanova, Pa (1993).
[29]. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of conidium-forming filamentous fungi: Proposed standard M38-A, NCCLS, Wayne, PA, USA, 2002.
[30]. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Method for antifungal disk diffusion susceptibility testing of yeast: Proposed guideline M44-P. NCCLS, Wayne, PA, USA, 2003.
[31]. Liebowitz, L. D.; Ashbee, H. R.; Evans, E. G. V.; Chong, Y.; Mallatova, N.; Zaidi, M.; Gibbs, D. Microbiol. Infet. Dis. 2001, 24, 27-33.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0732-8893(01)00243-7
[32]. Matar, M. J.; Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.; Paetznick, V. L.; Rodriguez, J. R.; Chen, E.; Rex, J. H. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2003, 47, 1647-1651.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.47.5.1647-1651.2003
PMid:12709335 PMCid:PMC153338
[33]. Swami, M. P.; Gupta, D.; Mohan, M.; Srivastava, A. K. Prog. Natl. Acad. Sci. India A 1980, 50(3), 176-181.
[34]. West, D. X.; Yang, Y. H.; Goldberg, T. L.; Liberta, A. E.; Valdes-Matines, J.; Hernandez-Ortega, S. Polyhedron 1995, 14, 1681-1693.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5387(94)00423-C
[35]. West, D. X.; Liberta, A. E.; Padhye, S. B.; Chikate, R. C.; Sonawane, P. B.; Kumbhar, A. S.; Yerande, R. G. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1993, 123, 49-71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(93)85052-6
[36]. Kurup, M. R. P.; Joseph, M. Synth. React. Inorg. Met. Org. Chem. 2003, 33, 275-281.
[37]. Philip, V.; Suni, V.; Kurup, M. R. P.; Nethaji, M. Polyhedron 2004, 23, 1225-1233.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2004.02.004
[38]. El-Sherif, A. A.; Jeragh, B. J. A. J. Spectrochim. Acta A 2007, 68, 877-882.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2006.12.073
PMid:17320475
[39]. West, D. X.; El-Sawaf, A. K.; El-Saied, F. A.; Elbahnsawy, R. M. Transit. Metal. Chem. 1998, 23, 565-572.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006916215988
[40]. West, D. X.; Lockwood, M. A.; Liberta, A. E.; Willett, R. D. Transit. Metal Chem. 1997, 22, 366-371.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018513919016
[41]. Stefov, V.; Petrusevski, V. M.; Soptrajanov, B. J. Mol. Struct. 1993, 293, 97-100.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2860(93)80024-P
[42]. Lever, A. B. P. Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1984.
[43]. Nakamoto, K. Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1986.
[44]. Philip, V.; Suni, V.; Kurup, M. R. P. Polyhedron 2006, 25, 1931-1938.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2005.12.023
[45]. Sankaraperumal, A.; Karthikeyan, J.; Shetty, A. N.; Lakshmisundaram, R. Polyhedron 2013, 50, 264-269.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2012.11.006
[46]. Suzuki, M.; Kanatomi, H.; Koyama, H.; Murase, I. Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 1980, 53, 1961-1970.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.53.1961
[47]. Li, Q.; Tang, H.; Li, Y.; Wang, M.; Wang, L.; Xia, C. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2000, 78, 167-178.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0162-0134(99)00226-3
[48]. Mukhopadhyay, A.; Padmaja, G.; Pal, S.; Pal, S. Inorg. Chem. Commun. 2003, 6, 381-386.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1387-7003(02)00795-5
[49]. M. A. Ali; Hossain, S. M. G.; Majumder, S. M. M. H.; Nazimuddin, M.; Tazafder M. T. H. Polyhedron 1987, 6, 1653-1656.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-5387(00)80766-4
[50]. Leovac, V. M.; Jovanovic, L. S.; Divijakovic, V.; Pevec, A.; Leban, I.; Armbruster, T. Polyhedron 2007, 26, 49-58.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2006.07.031
[51]. Ferrari, M. B.; Capacchi, S.; Pelosi, G.; Reffo, G.; Tarasconi, P.; Al-bertini, R.; Pinelli, S.; Helicin, P. L. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1999, 286, 134-141.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0020-1693(98)00383-1
[52]. Jayabalakrishnan, C.; Natarjan, K. Synth. React. Inorg. Met. Org. Chem. 2001, 31, 983-988.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/SIM-100105255
[53]. Jeeworth, T.; Wah, H. L. K.; Bhowon, M. G.; Ghoorhoo, D.; Babooram, K. Synth. React. Inorg. Met. Org. Chem. 2002, 30, 1023-1038.
[54]. Dharmaraj, N.; Viswanathamurthi, P.; Natarajan, K. Transit. Met. Chem. 2001, 26, 105-112.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007132408648
[55]. Pal, I.; Basuli, F.; Bhattacharya, S. Chem. Sci. 2002, 114(4), 255-268.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02703818
[56]. Anjaneyula, Y.; Rao, R. P. Synth. React. Inorg. Met. Org. Chem. 1986, 16, 257-272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00945718608057530
[57]. Chohan, Z. H.; Arif, M.; Akhtar, M. A.; Supuran, C. T. Bioinorg. Chem. Appl. 2006, Vol. 2006, Article ID 83131.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/BCA/2006/83131
PMid:17497020 PMCid:PMC1800917
[58]. Chohan, Z. H.; Scozzafava, A.; Supuran, C. T. J. Enzym. Inhib. Med. Ch. 2003, 18(3), 259-263.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1475636031000071817
[59]. Prasad, K. S.; Kumar, L. S.; Shekar, S. C.; Prasad, M.; Revanasiddappa, H. D. J. Chem. Sci. 2011, 12, 1-10.
[60]. Thangadurai, T. D.; Natarajan, K.; Transit. Metal Chem. 2001, 26(4-5), 500-504.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011099517420
[61]. Dharmaraj, N.; Viswanathamurthi, P.; Natarajan, K. Transit. Metal Chem. 2001, 26(1-2), 105-109.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007132408648
[62]. Joseyphus, R.; Nair, M. Mycobiology 2008, 36, 93-98.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4489/MYCO.2008.36.2.093
PMid:23990740 PMCid:PMC3755241
[63]. Malhota, L.; Kumar, S.; Dhindsa, K. S. Indian J. Chem. A 1993, 32, 457-459.
[64]. Koch, A. L. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2003, 16, 673-678.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.16.4.673-687.2003
PMid:14557293 PMCid:PMC207114
[65]. Collins, R. C.; Davis, R. E. Acta Crystallogr. B 1978, 34, 283-285.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740878002824
[66]. Arjunan, P.; Ramamurthy, V.; Ventakesan, K. Acta Crystallogr. C 1984, 40, 556-552.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270184004844
[67]. Pearson, R. G. J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 1423-1427.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00267a034
[68]. Parr, R. G.; Pearson, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 7512-7516.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00364a005
[69]. Geerlings, P.; De Proft, F.; Langenaeker, W. Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 1793-1873.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr990029p
PMid:12744694
[70]. Parr, R. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 1922-1924.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja983494x
[71]. Chattaraj, P. K.; Giri, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 2007, 111, 1116-1126.
[72]. Speie, G.; Csihony, J.; Whalen, A. M.; Pie-pont, C. G. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 3519-3535.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic950805l
[73]. Sagdinc, S.; Koksoy, B.; Kandemirli, F.; Bayari, S. H. J. Mol. Struct. 2009, 917, 63-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.06.033
[74]. Masoud, M. S.; Ali, A. E.; Shaker, M. A.; Elasala, G. S. Spectrochim. Acta A 2012, 90, 93-108.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2012.01.028
PMid:22336041
[75]. Xia, S. W.; Xu, X.; Sun, Y. L.; Fan, Y. L.; Fan, Y. H.; Bi, C. F.; Zhang, D. M.; Yang, L. R. Chin. J. Struct. Chem. 2006, 25, 200-207.
[76]. Carcelli, M.; Mazza, P.; Pelizzi, C.; Pelizzi, G.; Zani, F. J. Inorg. Biochem. 1995, 57, 43-62.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(94)00004-T
How to cite
The other citation formats (EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | BibTeX | RefWorks) for this article can be found online at: How to cite item
DOI Link: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.4.4.434-443.838
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
Save to Zotero
Save to Mendeley
European Journal of Chemistry 2013, 4(4), 434-443 | doi: https://doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.4.4.434-443.838 | Get rights and content
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c)
© Copyright 2010 - 2023 • Atlanta Publishing House LLC • All Right Reserved.
The opinions expressed in all articles published in European Journal of Chemistry are those of the specific author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Atlanta Publishing House LLC, or European Journal of Chemistry, or any of its employees.
Copyright 2010-2023 Atlanta Publishing House LLC. All rights reserved. This site is owned and operated by Atlanta Publishing House LLC whose registered office is 2850 Smith Ridge Trce Peachtree Cor GA 30071-2636, USA. Registered in USA.